Common Methods: CML baseline; IPCC 2021 CML; ReCiPe 2016 endpoint (H); ReCiPe 2016 midpoint (H)...

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a method for the environmental assessment of products and services, covering their life cycle from raw material extraction to waste treatment.

LCA is a systematic, phased approach and consists of four interconnected phases:

1. Definition of goal and scope;

2. Life cycle inventory analysis;

3. Life cycle impact assessment;

4. Results interpretation.